The Byzantine landowner Kontopoulos gave this settlement its name. Hephaestus, Kotsinos, and Agios Ypatios were among the first to settle in Kontopouli.

During the occupation, German forces attacked Kontopouli, causing considerable damage to schools and other public facilities, looting the property of both the wealthy and the poor, and holding prisoners. In 1944, the Kontopouli military battalion was among the last to evacuate Lemnos.

The church of Agios Dimitrios, the church of Agia Anastasia and the underground holy water, the lily carved in stone, the archaeological sites of Iphaistias and Kaveiriou, and the Aliki wetlands are all fascinating sights to visit in the region.