The medieval castle of Myrina is built on the steep and rocky peninsula of the town of Myrina. This structure is one of the largest forts in the Aegean region, as its positioning allows the control of the two bays of Myrina.

There was an old citadel with cyclopean walls on the site of the castle, dating back to the 13^th century BC. The Pelasgians captured Lemnos in the 8^th century BC, strengthening the castle’s fortifications (sources mention the Pelasgian citadel in Myrina).

The castle was constructed in the early 12^th century AD (Byzantine period) with material from the old citadel, and its defenses were reinforced in 1185 by Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos.

It was fortified in 1207 by the Venetian Philokalos Navigagiozo, Grand Duke of Lemnos (in which form we see it today). Turks resided within the castle during the Turkish occupation. During the Russian fleet’s siege of Myrina in 1770, the castle walls were damaged.

Covering an area of 144 acres, the castle has a triple wall with 14 towers and two gates, the main gate facing eastwards, and the smaller one facing westwards. The higher wall to the east and south has numerous towers, while the lower northern and western walls have fewer towers.

The remnants of a fortified building with multiple rooms may be seen at the highest point of the hill. Finally, a Turkish mosque, an underground vaulted chamber, and water cisterns can also be found within the castle.